| | ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ 1896 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠦᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ︵ᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠰ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠦᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ︶ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠰᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠴᠢ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠣ ᠠᠪᠤ | ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠰᠴᠦ᠂ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠤ ᠠᠪᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠮᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠦᠭᠡᠶᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠳᠭᠦᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠴᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ | ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1915 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ 19 ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠦᠦᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠰᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠩᠭᠢᠨᠢ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠪᠡ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠭᠦᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠯᠵᠢᠷᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠬᠦᠨ | ᠬᠤᠷᠣᠰᠴᠤ ᠵᠠᠨᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠣᠯᠠᠯ ᠮᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠨᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠦᠭᠡᠷᠦᠬᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠦ | ᠲᠣᠰᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠯᠡᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠷᠢᠳᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠦᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠷᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠬᠦᠩ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠡᠰᠡ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠳᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 1925 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠣ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠲᠣ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ | ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠢ ᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠣ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠶᠣᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠣ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 1926 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠯᠡᠮᠡ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠣ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠱᠦᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠲᠣ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠮᠵᠢ — ︽ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ︾ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠯᠡᠮᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠣᠷ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠴᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠣᠰᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1927 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠯᠡᠮᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠷᠢᠳᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦᠦᠰᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ | ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠩ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠮ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠯᠪᠡᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠣᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢ | ᠬᠤᠣᠷᠯᠠᠵᠣ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠣᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠣᠮᠳᠠᠳᠣ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ | ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠣ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠮᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠲᠠ | ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨᠵᠡᠭᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠣᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠦᠦᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠴᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠲᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ | ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ 1943 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠢ 20 ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠷᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠣ᠂ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠣᠯᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1943 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 7 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 31 ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠵᠦᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠡᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠣ | ᠨᠦᠭᠴᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | | | ︵ᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠰ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠱᠧᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠣᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠪᠠ︶ | | | |